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Termites can distinguish nestmates and non-nestmates through compound communication and gut symbionts: chemicals consisting of hydrocarbons discharged from the cuticle permit the recognition of alien species.148149 Every colony has its own distinct odour. This odour is due to genetic and environmental elements like the termites' diet and the composition of the bacteria within the termites' intestines.150.

Termites rely on alarm communication to defend a colony.134 Alarm pheromones can be released when the nest has been breached or is being assaulted by enemies or potential pathogens. Termites constantly avoid nestmates infected with Metarhizium anisopliae spores, through vibrational signals released by infected nestmates.151 Additional procedures of defence include intense jerking and secretion of fluids in the frontal gland and defecating faeces containing alarm pheromones.134152.

In certain species, some soldiers obstruct tunnels to prevent their enemies from entering the nest, and they might intentionally repaint themselves as an act of defence.153 In cases where the intrusion is coming from a breach that is bigger than the soldier's mind, defence demands a special formations where soldiers form a phalanx-like formation around the violation and sting at intruders.154 If an invasion carried out by Megaponera analis is successful, an entire colony could be ruined, even though this scenario is infrequent.154.

To termites, any breach of the tunnels or nests is a cause for alarm. When termites discover a potential violation, the soldiers normally bang their minds, apparently to attract other soldiers for defence and also to recruit additional workers to fix any breach.56 Additionally, an alarmed termite bumps into other termites which induces them to become alarmed and to leave pheromone trails to the distressed area, which is also a means to recruit additional workers.56.

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The pantropical subfamily Nasutitermitinae includes a specialised caste of soldiers, also known as nasutes, that have the ability to exude noxious liquids through a horn-like frontal projection that they utilize for defence.155 Nasutes have lost their mandibles throughout the plan of evolution and have to be fed by employees.59 A vast array of monoterpene hydrocarbon solvents have been identified in the liquids that nasutes secrete.156 Likewise, Formosan subterranean termites have been known to secrete naphthalene to safeguard their nests.157.

Soldiers of those species Globitermes sulphureus commit suicide by autothysis  rupturing a large gland just beneath the surface of their cuticles. The thick, yellowish fluid in the gland becomes very tacky on contact with the air, entangling ants or other insects that are trying to invade the nest.158159 Another termite, Neocapriterme taracua, additionally engages in suicidal defence.

When soldiers guarding nest entrances are attacked by intruders, they engage in autothysis, creating a cube that denies entry to any outsider.161.

Workers use many different strategies to take care of their dead, including burying, cannibalism, and avoiding a corpse entirely.162163164 To prevent pathogens, termites occasionally engage in necrophoresis, in which a nestmate conveys away a corpse in the colony to eliminate it everywhere.165 Which approach is used depends on the nature of this corpse a employee is dealing with (i.e.

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A species of fungus is known to mimic termite eggs, successfully avoiding its natural predators. These small brown chunks, known as"termite balls", rarely kill the eggs, and in certain circumstances the workers tend to these.166 This fungus mimics these eggs by producing a cellulose-digesting investigate this site enzyme known as glucosidases.167 A unique mimicking behaviour exists between various species of Trichopsenius beetles and certain particular species within Reticulitermes.

This chemical mimicry makes it possible for the beetles to integrate themselves within the termite colonies.168 The developed appendages on the physogastric abdomen of Austrospirachtha mimetes allows the beetle to mimic a termite worker.169.

Several species of ant have been known to catch termites to utilize as a fresh food check this site out origin later on, rather than killing them. By way of instance, Formica nigra captures termites, and people who attempt to escape are instantly seized and driven underground.170 Certain species of ants in the subfamily Ponerinae conduct these raids although other ant species move in alone to steal the eggs or nymphs.146 Ants like Megaponera analis attack the exterior of mounds and Dorylinae ants attack underground.146171 Despite this, some termites and ants can coexist peacefully.

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54 species of ants are known to inhabit Nasutitermes mounds, both inhabited and abandoned ones.174 One reason many ants live in Nasutitermes mounds is a result of the termites' frequent occurrence in their own geographical range; another is to shield themselves from floods.174175 Iridomyrmex also inhabits termite mounds although no professional and experienced termite experts evidence for any kind of relationship (other than the usual predatory one) is known.116 In rare situations, certain species of termites live inside busy ant colonies.176 Some invertebrate organisms such as beetles, caterpillars, flies and millipedes are termitophiles and dwell inside termite colonies (they are unable to survive independently).56 As a result, certain beetles and flies have evolved with their hosts.